Gɛlɛya kolomaw minnu bɛ sɔrɔ fiɲɛ bilali la-Kristali wulilenw gɛlɛnw na: In-Sɛgɛsɛgɛli jugumanba kɔnɔ ionize hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen ni ko kelen-ko kɛlenw nɔfɛkow kan

Kuma bɛɛ: Kristali Oscillateurs (kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, Kristali Oscillateurs) ka ɲɛsin Radiation Environs (fiɲɛbɔlanw) ma

I n’a fɔ ɛntɛrinɛti sitɛmuw ka "dusukun tantanni", kristalɛ-yɛrɛyɛrɛw bɛ gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw sɔrɔ sigidaw la minnu bɛ yeelen bɔ kosɛbɛ. U kɔnɔna bɛ Kɛ ni piezoelektriki kristalɛw ni precision oscillation circuits ye, minnu bɛ jaabi di radiation ma ni fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw ye, nka o jaabi fla bɛɛ bɛ laban k'u yɛrɛ Jirafrequency stability (fɛrɛnkan sabatili)., o ye baarakɛcogo jiralan jɔnjɔn ye. Fiɲɛdimi nɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ, olu tilalen don kosɛbɛ kulu fila ye:ionizelen hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen (TID) nɔmin bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka tiɲɛni kɛ dɔɔni dɔɔni, anikelen-ko kɛlen nɔ (SEE) .o bɛ na ni dɛsɛ barikamaw ye.

Yɔrɔ fɔlɔ : Ioniziyɔn hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen nɔ – Kristali wulilanw ka "Kɔrɔya basigilen".

1.1 Tiɲɛni dalajɛlenw Kristali yɛrɛ la

Iyonizi hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen nɔ bɛ bɔ fanga dalajɛli la waati jan{0}}kɔlɔsili la ionize fiɲɛbɔli la, o bɛ tiɲɛni suguya fɔlɔ fila lase kuran kristalɛw ma:

Lattice Defects (Latice Defects) ka sigicogo min bɛ taa ɲɛ

Fiɲɛ bɛ 'yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ-ko tiɲɛni Kɛ kristalɛ kɔnɔ, ka atomiw Bɔ u ka lattice (lattice) jɔyɔrɔw la

Nafa minnu bɛ yen i n’a fɔ yɔrɔ lakolonw ani atomi minnu bɛ cɛmancɛ la, olu bɛ dalajɛ waati kɔnɔ

O fiɲɛw bɛ kristalɛ ka 'sènbɔli-yɔrɔ-ko ni 'masasi doni nɔw Yɛlɛma

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:systematique resonant frequence jiginnianifrequency-funteni cogoya kurulen tiɲɛni

Charge Accumulation kan Surfaces ani Interfaces kan

Iyɔnizi (ionize radiation) bɛ charge (sara) jɔlenw Lawuli kristalɛw sanfɛyɔrɔw ni elekitorode (elektɔriw) ɲɔgɔndanw kan

Charge (sara) dalajɛli bɛ kristalɛ sanfɛla dancɛ cogoyaw Changer

A bɛ dɔ fara mankanw jɛnsɛnni bɔnɛ ni u jɛnsɛnni kan

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:dɔgɔyali jogoɲumanya hakɛ (Q value) la .anifasa mankan tiɲɛni

1.2 Kɔnɔnafili minnu bɛ taa ɲɛ Oscillation Circuits kan

Fɛn minnu bɛ baara kɛ ani minnu tɛ baara kɛ, minnu bɛ jiginni sɛrɛkiliw la, olu bɛ tiɲɛ ni fura tata hakɛ dalajɛli ye:

Paramètre Drift ka minɛnw baarakɛtaw

MOSFET threshold voltage ka drift systematique, ka bias point Changer de la circuit de oscillation

Transistor transconductance dɔgɔyali, o bɛ na ni loop gain margin dɔgɔyali ye

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:gɛlɛya min bɛ daminɛ na, bɔli amplitude (bɔli amplitude) dɔgɔyali, anijiginni bɛ jɔ ni bana jugumanw ye

Dɔ farali exponentielle kan Leakage Current la

Oksidan-sara minnu sirilen don, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka dɔ fara jibɔ kuran kan PN ɲɔgɔndanw ni dakunw na

Yɛlɛmaba min kɛra kafoda ka fanga statiki la

Dɔ farali funteni mankan kan ani fasa mankan baarakɛcogo tiɲɛni

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:fanga min bɛ tɛmɛ fɛn ɲɛfɔlenw kananimankan duguma kɔrɔtacogo

Paramɛtiriw yeli ye Feedback Networks kɔnɔ

Radiation-sensitive parameters ka doni kondansɛriw ni resistɛriw bɛ Changé

A bɛ oscillateur ka fasa jiginni cogoyaw Changer

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:santiri frequency offsetanituning range dɔgɔyali

Yɔrɔ 2nan: Ko kelen-Kɛwalew nɔfɛko – Kristali Oscillateurs ka "Dusukunnabana barikama".

2.1 Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw Kristali unitw kan

Tiɲɛni min bɛ kɛ ka mɔgɔw bila yɔrɔ wɛrɛ la waati dɔɔnin kɔnɔ

Fanga caman-fɛn kelen (ion girinman walima porotɔn fanga-ba) bɛ don kristalɛ kɔnɔ

A bɛ localized lattice tiɲɛni Dabɔ particule ka taamacogo kan

A bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka degun caman wuli waati dɔɔnin kɔnɔ sigida la

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:yɔrɔnin kelen frequency jump, minnu bɛ se ka kɛnɛya yɔrɔ dɔ la o kɔfɛ

Charge Deposition Effet (sarali bilali) nɔ

Fɛnɲɛnɛmaw bɛ charges (sara) Dòn kristalɛ kɔnɔ, ka kuran-yɔrɔ tɛmɛnen dɔ Kɛ

A bε Yεlεma ka Kɛ masinko degun tɛmɛnen ye piezoelectric effect fɛ

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:fasa pannianitiɲɛniba min bɛ kɛ waati kunkurunnin-fɛrɛnkan sabatili la

2.2 Yɔrɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ ni jiginni sɛrɛkiliw ye

Single-Ko kɛlenw tɛmɛnen (SET) bɛ Analog Circuits kɔnɔ

Kɔrɔya-fɛn caman bɛ amplifier walima bias circuit gosi oscillateur kɔnɔna na

Aw bɛ kuran wulicogo tɛmɛnenw lawuli kuran siraw kan walima taamasiyɛn siraw kan

Pulse bonya bɛ daminɛ pikosekɔndi tan na ka se mikrosekɔndi damadɔ ma

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:

Superimposés instantaneux glitches kan bɔli waveform kan

Fasa tɛmɛnenw tigɛcogo barikama

Fasa-locked loop (PLL) bɔnɛ min bɛ se ka kɛ lock walima clock synchronization dɛsɛ la

Single-Ko kɛlenw wulicogo (SEU) Contrôle logique kɔnɔ

Biti flipping bɛ Kɛ nizɛri kunnafoni-di-yɔrɔw la (misali la, frequency tuning registers, mode control words) .

Labɛnni paramɛtiriw bɛ Lakodɔn k’a sɔrɔ u ma Laɲini

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:

Bɔli frequency bɛ pan ka taa nafa jugu la

Baarakɛcogo minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen-falen cogo la min tɛ bɛn

A bɛ se ka kɛ ko a ka kan ka labɛn kokura walasa ka baarakɛcogo segin a cogo kɔrɔ la

Balawu kɔlɔlɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ Single-Event Latchup (SEL) fɛ .

PNPN parazitiw jɔcogo bɛ daminɛ, ka kɛ sisan siraba ye

Kuran bɛ bonya kosɛbɛ (a bɛ se ka tɛmɛ a hakɛ kan siɲɛ 100) .

Kɔnɔnafili tilennenw:

Kafoda ka baarakɛcogo dɛsɛ pewu

Boli funteni fɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka tiɲɛni banbali kɛ

Seko ni dɔnko cycling ye wajibi ye walasa ka kɛnɛya

Yɔrɔ 3nan : Lakanali fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw Kristali wulilanw kan

3.1 Fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka ɲɛsin ionize hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen nɔ ma

Kristali fɛnw sugandili ɲuman

Aw bɛ fiɲɛbɔ-kristali gɛlɛnw ta: misali la, SC-kuran tigɛlen bɛ fiɲɛbɔli kunbɛncogo ɲuman jira ka tɛmɛ AT-kuran tigɛlen kan

Baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw : hidrɔzɛni sɔgɔli ani fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw walasa ka kristalɛ fɔlɔw ka fiɲɛw dɔgɔya

Fɛn kura ɲinini : fɛn wɛrɛw i n’a fɔ fositɛri niyobati litiyɔmu (LNB) bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman jira frequency band dɔw la

Circuit gɛlɛnw dilancogo

Baara kɛ ni semiconducteur minɛnw ye minnu dilannen don ni radiation-hardened processes ye

Aw bɛ bias circuits redundant dilan walasa ka otomatiki ka threshold voltage drift musaka bɔ

Aw bɛ tolerance design waleya walasa ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sabati paramètre drift range kɔnɔ

Aw bɛ leakage current kɔlɔsili ni musakabɔ ciriw don a kɔnɔ

Structure Optimisation (Jɛkulu ka ɲɛtaa).

Aw bɛ kristalɛ pakew labɛn ka ɲɛ walasa ka baara dɔgɔya ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye minnu bɛ se ka fiɲɛ bila-

Aw bɛ elekitorode dilanni ni u jɛgɛncogo ɲɛ walasa ka dɔ bɔ ɲɔgɔn cɛ charge dalajɛli la

Aw bɛ finimugu kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kɛ walasa ka dugukolo sanfɛla nɔw nɔgɔya

3.2 Fɛnɲɛnɛma kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka ɲɛsin ko kelen-ko kɛlenw nɔfɛkow ma

Architectural-Nivo Circuit Lakanali

Filɛri ni histɛrɛzi sɛrɛkiliw waleya analozi sira kɔrɔlenw na

Aw bɛ triple modulaire redundancy (TMR) ta ani ka segin-ka-bɔnye kɛ waati ni waati ka ɲɛsin nizɛri kunnafoni-di-yɔrɔw ma

Aw ye fɛɛrɛw tigɛ minnu bɛ se ka fɛnw dɔn joona ani ka u segin u cogo kɔrɔ la

Baara kɛ ni filiw dɔnni ni u latilenni (EDAC) kodɔn ye walasa ka labɛncogo kunnafoniw lakana

Layidu talenw dilanni ɲɛnabɔli

Aw bɛ garadibololanɛgɛw fara a kan minnu bɛ se ka kɛ node sensitives lamini na

Aw bɛ-centroid layidu ta min bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ walasa ka gradient nɔw dɔgɔya

Aw bɛ fanga tila-tila rezow ɲɛnabɔ ka ɲɛ walasa ka dɔ bɔ latchup sɛgɛsɛgɛli la

Baara kɛ ni minɛnw hakɛ belebelebaw ye transistor kɔrɔlenw kama walasa ka dɔ fara charge critique kan

Sisεmεti-Nivow Dɔgɔyali fɛɛrɛw

Aw ye multi-oscillator architecture redundant dɔ labɛn min bɛ hot swapping dɛmɛ

Waati kɛcogo lakika-kɔlɔsili ni anomali dɔnni waleya

Ka algorisimuw labɛn minnu bɛ se ka ladamu walasa ka waati tɛmɛnen nɔw dɔn ani k’u musaka bɔ

Aw ye -orbit ladonni fɛɛrɛw labɛn, i n’a fɔ paramɛtiriw labɛnni kokura ani filiw seginni

3.3 Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, fɛn minnu ka kan ka kɛ ka ɲɛsin sɛgɛsɛgɛli ni tiɲɛni ma

Radiation Testing Fɛɛrɛ minnu bɛ Kɛ ka ɲɛsin Kristali Oscillateurs ma

Kɔlɔsili kuntaalajan-fɛrɛnkan sabatili : ka tiɲɛni taabolo jateminɛ ionizelen hakɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen nɔ kɔrɔ

Fasa mankan sumani waati lakika-: ka waati tɛmɛnen nɔfɛkow taamasiyɛnw dɔn

-beam testing kɔnɔ: aw bɛ ko kelen-ko kɛlenw nɔfɛkow lakikaw ladege

Ɲɛnamaya sɛgɛsɛgɛli teliyalen : ka dannaya kuntaalajan-ko fɔ

Paramɛtiri jɔnjɔn minnu sinsinnen bɛ kɔrɔbɔli kan

Jɛɲɔgɔnya kurulen min bɛ frequency offset ni total ionizing dose cɛ

Fasa mankan spektrum (fasa mankan spektrum) caman ɲɔgɔnna cogoyaw

Daminɛ waati ni sabatili waati tiɲɛni

Se ka bɔli waveform integrity mara

Kuncɛli: A Systems Engineering of Balance and Optimization (Balan ni ɲɛnabɔli ɲuman).

Kristali oscillateurs ka radiation hardening ye sistɛmu injiniyɛri ye min bɛ jago-offs wajibiya sanfɛyɔrɔ caman na:

Balannako min bɛ kɛ fɛnw ni taabolo cɛ

Jago-bɔli bɛ kɛ kristalɛ fɛnw ka fiɲɛbɔli ni frekansi sabatili cɛ

Balannako bɛ semikɔndukiri taabolo gɛlɛya hakɛ ni fanga tacogo ni teliya cɛ

Jago-offs ka Circuit Design

Balannako bɛ dannaya yiriwali cɛ ka bɔ baarakɛbaliya lakanani na ani dɔ farali gɛlɛya ni fanga ta kan

Jago-ka fara lakanani fɛɛrɛw fanga ni musaka ni bonya gɛlɛyaw cɛ

Sistɛmu Architecture (Système Architecture) ka ɲɛtaa

Baarakɛɲɔgɔnya labɛnni min bɛ kɛ ka lakana caman-dakun

Hardware-porogaramuw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan fili-muɲuni fɛɛrɛw

Ɛntɛrinɛti kɔlɔsili ni ladilanni bɛrɛbɛnni don ɲɔgɔn na

A laban na, radiyali-hardened crystal oscillator dilancogo ɲɛtaa bɛ tali kɛ baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen sigida faamuyali tigitigi la, ka fara baarakɛcogo, dannaya ani musaka jateminɛni bɛɛ kan. Ni fɛn kuraw yiriwara, ni taabolo kɔrɔlenw, ani musakabɔcogo hakilitigiw ye, kristalɛw ka baarakɛcogo bɛna bonya ka taa a fɛ kɛnɛyako juguw sigidaw la, o bɛna kɛ sababu ye ka waati jateminɛ jusigilan barikama di forow ma minnu bɛ se ka da u kan kosɛbɛ i n’a fɔ sanfɛla ɲinini ani nukiliya fanga baarakɛcogo.

O sɛgɛsɛgɛli ni lakanani fɛɛrɛw laɲinitaw b’a to sigida in "dusukun tantanni" bɛ to ka sabati ani ka da a kan hali ni kɛnɛyako gɛlɛnbaw bɛ yen.